PATIENT CARE INVOLVING STD PATIENTS

Below is the list of references we used to complete this assignment:  APA PsycNet . (2022). Apa.org.  https://psycnet.apa.org/record/2008-16224-020 Alcorn, K. (2021, July 18).  People with HIV should be prioritized for COVID-19 vaccination due to higher risk, WHO recommends . Aidsmap.Com. https://www.aidsmap.com/news/jul-2021/people-hiv-should-be-prioritised-covid-19-vaccination-due-higher-risk-who-recommends Christopoulos, K. A., Weiser, S. D., Koester, K. A., Myers, J. J., White, D. A., Kaplan, B., & Morin, S. F. (2012). Understanding patient acceptance and refusal of HIV testing in the emergency department.  BMC Public Health ,  12 (1).  https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2458-12-3   Exploring Gender Differences in the Relationship between HIV/STD Testing and Condom Use among Undergraduate College Students . (2013). American Journal of Health Education.  https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/19325037.2009.10599084 Guidance on Management and...

From the beginning, Islam recognizes health as a vital human right, making it a priority second to faith. It is essential that one considers the promotion and protection of health not only for themself but also for others and the environment, in order to obtain excellent health.  Therefore,  Islam forbids all forms of illicit sexual interactions s ince STDs are an infection acquired through sexual interactions with different  partners, which is clearly prohibited in Islam as it is a form of adultery. Prophet Muhammad (SAW) has said that  "When adultery becomes rampant in a nation, Allah will expose them to His chastisement." (Abu Ya'la).  And it is further supported by another hadith from Prophet Muhammad (SAW),   "When promiscuous behaviour becomes rampant in a nation, Allah will send upon them such (strange) diseases that their own ancestors never heard of. (At-Tabarani). In light of these two hadiths, it can be concluded that human joys that ar...

 Most HIV patients were diagnosed with other health issues, it may be correlated due to HIV or the treatment received or may be completely unrelated.  Examples of common coinfections that affect HIV patients:  Hepatitis B and Hepatitis C  -  a contagious liver disease - were transmitted by injection drug use or sexual activities -  If they were untreated, they can lead to liver cancer and liver failure. - About 10% of people with HIV also have chronic HBV co-infection. Tuberculosis (TB) -  caused by germs spread through the air from a person with untreated TB disease - usually affects the lungs but also can affect other body parts. Opportunistic infections (OIs) -  usually occur in people with low immune systems, such as people with HIV (CD4 count falls below 200). Other Health Conditions Associated with HIV - Cardiovascular disease, kidney illness, diabetes, bone disease, liver disease, cognitive impairments, and certain types of cancer...

As health practitioners, we can't deny that we will interact with patients frequently and there are some rules and regulations that need to be followed as we are dealing with them. Even though we knew that HIV/AIDs can only be transmitted through fluid-like blood, treating HIV/AIDs patients gave some fear and worries to health practitioners. Therefore, there are some precautions that can be practiced when handling HIV patients. Practice a good basic hygiene routine by washing hands regularly every time in contact with the patient. Wearing gloves is also needed when handling the patients. Make sure to change gloves between patients. During clinical procedures, make sure to cover all existing wounds including skin lesions with waterproof dressings, or with gloves if hands are extensively affected. Use protective clothing including protection for mouth, nose, and eyes from blood and body fluid splashes. When using sharp equipment like needles, make sure to separate the tools after u...

STIGMATIZATION AND FEARS IN THE COMMUNITY The way people are seen in their communities is closely tied to stigmatization, which has long been recognized as a key influence on the treatment and care of sick individuals and groups. People who are ill or believed to be ill have been the target of "prejudice, shaming, and discrimination" in the past. STDs can cause both physical and mental distress. Patients with STDs, particularly HIV and AIDS, are being segregated and treated differently by nurses who care for them, to the extent where they don't even associate with them. STDs sufferers are often shunned by society, as seen by these forms of treatments. Additionally, it added a sense of shame to the embarrassment experienced by the patient and their families. As a result, being labeled an AIDS patient forces you to accept personal responsibility for a disease for which you can expect minimal help and support from others. Even stigmatizing people with STDs won't help us ...

 Identification of the syndrome  Syndromic diagnosis or laboratory tests can be used to accomplish this. The flowchart-based syndromic case management strategy is ideally suited to situations when laboratory resources are limited or unavailable. Without the use of costly and time-consuming laboratory testing, a diagnosis can be determined in a short amount of time. Antibiotic treatment for the syndrome  Regardless of the method utilized for diagnosis—flow charts or laboratory tests—the availability and usage of effective antibiotics is a must. The medications must be available at the time of the first encounter with an STD patient. In the private sector, effective treatment must also be available and used. Patients continually seek therapy for the same ailment or its complications, resulting in an increase in expenses due to the use of inefficient or partially effective medications. Treatments that are only partially effective may be to blame for the rapid emergence of re...

Viral control is an intermediate outcome of therapy that is tightly linked to long-term outcomes, including survival (Sarrazin et al. 2018). Along with this meaning, comes the issue where the viral control experienced by black persons with HIV is less likely compared to the white person does during treatment. This issue has brought upon many question marks as it might be linked tightly to racial disparities which leads to an impenetrable problem.  With the usage of multi-faceted logistic regression models, the comparison between the white people and the black people is able to be listed.  This includes the fact that the white patients:-  ~ are often older ~ had higher CD4 counts ~ have lesser commodities ~ have higher retention in care ~ have better medication adherence In comparison to this, the black patients are more likely to experience the bad part of treatment as compared substantially to the white people.  Disparities in HIV care outcomes among the black and ...

         In pertaining issues relating to any diseases regardless of type, often time we meet with the same issue brought upon due to the limitation place by the ruling and the ability of the patient itself. This brings the issue on the monetary or financial ability the patient has to face in facing any issue in relation with health provision.      This brings about this issue in relation to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) or   Acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). Often time regardless of the minimalizing of payment to be done for treatment charges, the people who live with HIV or PLHIV still miss the appointment placed due to not being able to arrive at said location. Said minimal charges also often not being able to be met by the patients as it might make up a huge part of their available living assets.       Other than that, challenges the patients of HIV to have to face include as per below:  The cos...

The issue of the testing of HIV is mainly highlighted among the men who have sex with men (MSM). This is especially due to them being at high risk of contracting any sexually transmitted diseases which in this case, reporting on human immunodeficiency virus also known as HIV. Often time, many cases are unchecked as testing occurs fully on the people's voluntarism. On occasions of them not wanting to do so or not seeing the importance of doing so or maybe not believing of the chance of them acquainting with it is not possible, they will remain unchecked and not know their own health status.  This, after some research being done, can be realized that some categories are more susceptible of being regarded or to some labeled, as those who rarely do their HIV testing as per should. Listing down below is the general of whom preferably or hardly does their annual HIV test.  a) The MSM who connect with their sex partner through the internet often does their testing as compared to thos...

Studies have shown that people with HIV are more susceptible to COVID-19 than those without the disease.  According to the World Health Organization, a study of over 15,000 instances of COVID-19 among individuals living with HIV indicated that persons living with HIV had a 30% higher chance of dying following admission to hospital with COVID-19 than people living without HIV (Alcorn, 2021) .  Th is is due to the fact that HIV patients have a weakened immune system . The chronic inflammation caused by HIV infection may increase the severity of the Covid-19 consequences on the individual. People who have had a low CD4 count in the past or who haven't fully re-established their immune system are more likely to have excessive inflammation.  Additional evidence suggests that a low CD4 count may increase the severity of the SARS-CoV-2 inflammatory response (Alcorn, 2021). Other than that, as HIV patients have a higher possibility to acquire other diseases, it may incr...